Quote of the Lesson (दिन के उद्धरण)

    “Only those who will risk going too far can possibly find out how far one can go.”

    “केवल वही व्यक्ति जो बहुत दूर तक जाने का जोखिम उठाते हैं, संभवत वही व्यक्ति ही यह जान पाते हैं कि वह कितनी दूर तक जा सकते हैं।”

    “Your problem is never really your problem; your reaction to your problem is your problem.”

    “आपकी समस्या वास्तविकता में कभी भी आपकी समस्या नहीं होती है, आपकी समस्या के प्रति आपकी प्रतिक्रिया आपकी समस्या होती है।”

    “You cannot change your future... but, you can change your habits... And sure your habits will change your future.”

    “आप अपने भविष्य को नहीं बदल सकते।।।। लेकिन आप अपनी आदतों को बदल सकते है।।। तथा सुनिश्चित मानें आपकी आदतें आपका भविष्य बदल देंगी।”

    “Dream is not what you see in sleep. It is something that does not let you sleep.”

    “सपना वह नहीं होता जो आप नींद में देखते हैं। यह तो कुछ ऐसी चीज है जो आपको सोने नहीं देती है।”

    “He is a wise man who does not grieve for the things which he has not, but rejoices for those which he has.”

    “वह व्यक्ति बुद्धिमान है जो उन वस्तुओं के लिए दुःख नहीं मनाता जो उसके पास नहीं हैं, लेकिन उनके लिए आनन्द मनाता है जो उसके पास हैं।”

Technical word (तकनीकी शब्द)

Tablet
A tablet, or tablet PC, is a portable computer that uses a touchscreen as its primary input device. Most tablets are slightly smaller and weigh less than the average laptop. While some tablets include fold out keyboards, others, such as the Apple iPad and Motorola Xoom, only offer touchscreen input.

Early tablet touchscreens were designed to work with light pens, but most modern tablets support human touch input. Many tablets now support multitouch input, which allows you to perform gestures with multiple fingers, such as pinching an image to zoom out, or spreading your fingers apart to zoom in. Tablets without physical keyboards allow you to enter text using a pop-up keyboard that appears on the screen.

TFTP
Stands for "Trivial File Transfer Protocol." TFTP is a file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but is much more limited. Unlike FTP, TFTP does not support authentication and cannot change directories or list directory contents. Therefore, it is most often used to transfer individual files over a local network.

TFTP may also be used to boot a computer system from a network-connected storage device.While FTP connections use the TCP protocol, TFTP connections are made over UDP, which requires less overhead than TCP. This means TFTP file transfers may be faster, but less reliable than FTP transfers. Port 20 is used for FTP transfers, while port 69 is used for transferring files via TFTP.

TModel
1) A tModel is a data structure representing a service type (a generic representation of a registered service) in the UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration) registry. Each business registered with UDDI categorizes all of its Web services according to a defined list of service types. Businesses can search the registry's listed service types to find service providers. The tModel is an abstraction for a technical specification of a service type; it organizes the service type's information and makes it accessible in the registry database. Another UDDI data structure, the bindingTemplate organizes information for specific instances of service types. When businesses want to make their specification-compliant services available to the registry, they include a reference to the tModelKey for that service type in their bindingTemplate data.

Toslink
Toslink is a type of digital audio connection developed by Toshiba Corporation. It uses a fiber optic cable to transmit an audio signal in the form of pulses of light. A single Toslink cable can be used to carry a mono, stereo, or even a surround audio signal.

Toslink is similar to the Sony/Philips Digital Interfance, known as S/PDIF. It provides the same digital audio data as S/PDIF, but uses a light beam instead of an electrical current to send the data. Because the Toslink cable does not use electrical currents, the connection is immune to electrical or magnetic interference. Toslink connections are most commonly found on high-end home theater receivers, MiniDisc players, and professional audio equipment, as well as Power Mac G5 computers.

Toolbar
A toolbar is a set of icons or buttons that are part of a software program's interface or an open window. When it is part of a program's interface, the toolbar typically sits directly under the menu bar. For example, Adobe Photoshop includes a toolbar that allows you to adjust settings for each selected tool. If the paintbrush is selected, the toolbar will provide options to change the brush size, opacity, and flow. Microsoft Word has a toolbar with icons that allow you to open, save, and print documents, as well as change the font, text size, and style of the text. Like many programs, the Word toolbar can be customized by adding or deleting options. It can even be moved to different parts of the screen.

Token
Besides those small shiny coins that allow you to play video games, there are three different types of tokens


1. In networking, a token is a series of bits that circulate on a token-ring network. When one of the systems on the network has the "token," it can send information to the other computers. Since there is only one token for each token-ring network, only one computer can send data at a time.

2. In programming, a token is a single element of a programming language. There are five categories of tokens: 1) constants, 2) identifiers, 3) operators, 4) separators, and 5) reserved words. For example, the reserved words "new" and "function" are tokens of the JavaScript language. Operators, such as +, -, *, and /, are also tokens of nearly all programming languages.

3. In security systems, a hard token is small card that displays an identification code

Torrent
A torrent is a file sent via the BitTorrent protocol. It can be just about any type of file, such as a movie, song, game, or application. During the transmission, the file is incomplete and therefore is referred to as a torrent. Torrent downloads that have been paused or stopped cannot be opened as regular files, since they do not contain all the necessary data. However, they can often be resumed using a BitTorrent client, as long as the file is available from another server.

Trolling
The act of deliberately posting false or inflammatory information in order to start a flame war or cause aggravation to others.

Touchscreen
A touchscreen is a display that also serves as an input device. Some touchscreens require a proprietary pen for input, though most modern touchscreens detect human touch. Since touchscreen devices accept input directly through the screen, they do not require external input devices, such as mice and keyboards. This makes touchscreens ideal for computer kiosks, as well as portable devices, such as tablets and smartphones.

Traceroute
When computers communicate over the Internet, there are often many connections made along the way. This is because the Internet is made up of a network of networks, and two different computers may be on two separate networks in different parts of the world. Therefore, if a computer is to communicate with another system on the Internet, it must send data through a series of small networks, eventually getting to the Internet backbone, and then again traveling to a smaller network where the destination computer resides.

Trackball
A trackball is an input device used to enter motion data into computers or other electronic devices. It serves the same purpose as a mouse, but is designed with a moveable ball on the top, which can be rolled in any direction. Instead of moving the whole device, you simply roll the moveable ball on top of the trackball unit with your hand to generate motion input.

Transistor
A transistor is a basic electrical component that alters the flow of electrical current. Transistors are the building blocks of integrated circuits, such as computer processors, or CPUs. Modern CPUs contain millions of individual transistors that are microscopic in size.

Most transistors include three connection points, or terminals, which can connect to other transistors or electrical components.

Tweet
For most of history, "tweet" has been the sound a bird makes. However, with the advent of Twitter, the word "tweet" has taken on a whole new meaning.

A tweet is an online posting, or "micro-blog" created by a Twitter user. The purpose of each tweet is to answer the question, "What are you doing?" However, tweets can contain any information you want to post, such as your plans for the weekend, your thoughts about a TV show, or even notes from a lecture. You can publish a tweet using a computer or a mobile phone. Once published, the tweet will appear on the Twitter home pages of all the users that are following you. Likewise, your Twitter home page will display the most recent tweets of the users that you are following.

Troll
Trolls are typically thought of as scary creatures that live underneath bridges. While these mythical creatures may only exist in legend, "Internet trolls" are real and cause real problems. In computing, the term "troll" refers to a person who posts offensive, incendiary, or off topic comments online. These comments may appear in Web forums, on Facebook walls, after news articles or blog entries, or in online chat rooms.

TIFF
Stands for "Tagged Image File Format." It is graphics file format created in the 1980's to be the standard image format across multiple computer platforms. The TIFF format can handle color depths ranging from 1-bit to 24-bit. Since the original TIFF standard was introduced, people have been making many small improvements to the format, so there are now around 50 variations of the TIFF format. So much for a universal format. Recently, JPEG has become the most popular universal format, because of its small file size and Internet compatibility.

Terminal Adapter
An electronic device that interfaces a PC with a host computer via an ISDN phone line. They are often called "ISDN modems"; however, because they are digital, Terminal Adapters are not modems at all.

Terminal Server
A special-purpose computer with places to plug in several modems on one side, and a connection to a LAN or host machine on the other side. The terminal server does the work of passing connections on to the appropriate node. Most terminal servers can provide PPP or SLIP services if connected to the Internet.

Antonyms and Synonyms (विलोम और समानार्थक)

Synonyms (समानार्थक)

Misery - Distress	दुख - संकट
Modern - Contemporary	आधुनिक - समकालीन
Movie - Film	मूवी - फिल्म
Native - Local	देशी - स्थानीय
Necessary - Essential	आवश्यक - आवश्यक
Near - Close	निकट - बंद

ToLesson Proverbs (आज नीतिवचन)

  Idioms . Play the ape   

  Idioms . Eager beaver   

  Idioms :  A black sheep.  

Important Words (महत्वपूर्ण शब्द)

candle	मोमबत्ती
candy	कैंडी
capital	राजधानी
car	गाड़ी
card	कार्ड
care	देखभाल
careful	सावधान
carefully	सावधानी से

Do you have any children? (क्या आपके कोई बच्चे है? बातचीत)

नाम:	हिन्दी/अंग्रेजी
Michelle:	चार्ल्स, क्या आपके कोई बच्चे है? Charles, do you have any children?
Charles:	हाँ Yes.
Michelle:	आपके कितने बच्चे है? How many children do you have?
Charles:	मेरे दो बच्चे है. एक लड़का और एक लड़की I have two kids. A boy and a girl.
Michelle:	उनके नाम क्या है? What are their names?
Charles:	जैक और स्टेफनी Jack and Stephanie.
Michelle:	वे कितने साल के है? How old are they?
Charles:	स्टेफनी अठारह साल कि है और जैक चौबीस साल का है Stephanie is 18 and Jack is 24.
Michelle:	क्या वे विश्वविद्यालय में है? Are they in school?
Charles:	हाँ, स्टेफनी है. वह वॉशिंगटन में विश्वविद्यालय को जाती है और जैक फ्लोरिडा में काम करता है Stephanie is. She goes to college in Washington and Jack works in Florida.
Michelle:	स्टेफनी क्या पढ़ती है? What does Stephanie study?
Charles:	वह अंग्रेजी पढ़ती है She studies English.
Michelle:	क्या अब वह यहाँ है? Is she here now?
Charles:	नहीं, वह विश्वविद्यालय में है No, she's at school.

Vacation to Canada (केनडा को छुट्टी बातचीत)

नाम:	हिन्दी/अंग्रेजी
George:	आज की तारीक क्या है? What's toLesson's date?
Sandra:	आज पाँच जुलाई है It's July 5th.
George:	आप छुट्टी पर कब जा रही है? When are you going on vacation?
Sandra:	मैं रविवार को निकल रही हूँ. हम केनडा जा रहे हैं. I'm leaving on SunLesson. We're going to Canada.
George:	सचमुच? परसों? वह तो बहुत जल्दी है. Really? The Lesson after tomorrow? That's very soon.
Sandra:	हाँ मुझे पता है Yeah I know.
George:	आप कितनी देर वहाँ रहने जा रही है? How long are you going to stay there?
Sandra:	लगभग दो हफ्ते About 2 weeks.
George:	आप कब वपसा आ रहीं है? When are you coming back?
Sandra:	मैं सत्रह तारीक को वापस आ रही हूँ I'm coming back on the 17th.
George:	ठीक है. शुभ यात्रा Alright. Have a nice trip.

SMS and online chat Abbreviations (एसएमएस और ऑनलाइन चैट संक्षिप्त)

Abbreviation	Description
IAC	In any case
IAE	In any event
IANAC	I am not a crook
IANAE	I Am Not an Expert
IANAL	I am not a lawyer
IAT	I Am Tired

Smileys Meaning (स्माइलीज अर्थ)

Emotions	Meaning
:-O	surprised
`:-)	Sweating
,:-)	Sweating on the Other Side
:-0	Talkative
:-)---	Thin as a Pin

Common Mistakes To Be Avoided (आम गलतियों को टाला जा सकता)

Some Any

Both ‘ some’ and ‘any’ are used to refer to indefinite quantities, i.e., when it is not necessary to specify a number. For example, ‘I would like some milk’ indicates that the speaker wants milk, but it is not stated how much of it he or she wants. Similarly, ‘Is there any cake left?’ does not specify how much cake the speaker wants there to be; any amount will do for the purpose of the question. There are important differences between the two that must be grasped for usage, however.

Some

‘ Some’ is commonly used in affirmative statements, such as I would like to have some fun.

‘ Any’ is hardly ever used in such statements, except to emphasise that the quality of the object does not matter. For example,‘I would like any apples’ suggests that the speaker does not care what kind of apples they are (indicating a desperate need or desire for apples), whereas‘ I would like some apples’does not suggest anything about the quality of the apples or desperation of the speaker.

Any

‘ Any’ is commonly used in negative statements, such as‘We do not have any apples.’ Here, ‘some’ may not be used.

‘ Any’ is also used in affirmative statements, if the statements contain negative words such as ‘hardly’, ‘barely’, ‘never’, ‘without’, ‘little’, etc. For example,‘ We hardly have any apples’ cannot be rewritten as‘We hardly have some apples.’

In questions

While both ‘any’ and ‘some’ can be used in questions, ‘any’ is more common and natural in this form.

‘ Do you have any apples?’can be rewritten as‘Do you have some apples?’However, ‘ some’ is not always applicable. For example, in the case of‘ Do you have any idea what the score is?’, ‘ any’ cannot be replaced by ‘some’.

‘ Some’ is more commonly used in offers and requests, such as Would you like some tea?

If clauses

Both ‘ some’ and ‘ any are common in ‘ if’ clauses, with similar meanings, as in‘ If you need some/any assistance, feel free to give me a ring.’

English Improving ,Tips of the Lesson (अंग्रेजी में सुधार, दिन की टिप्स)

Concrete Words Do Not Change

The benefit of using concrete words is that perceptions of these words do not often change over time, as people grow older. While it is still important to use abstract words, concrete words allow writers to create for a wide age range, if they desire. While a word like "love" changes greatly throughout a person's life, the words "car" or "cold" do not change. The idea of a car may be simpler for a child than an adult, but they both know that a car is an object that moves and takes people places. Take advantage of this fact when writing for different ages. 

Writers have a plethora of words to choose from, and two types of these words are concrete and abstract. There are many benefits of using concrete words, as they increase your ability to write for a wide audience and to be specific and engaging. Abstract words are necessary in life and in writing, but, as a writer, be sure to also use concrete words to show your story through writing, not just tell it. Using these tips can help help you grow in your writing and English skills, and to better understand how readers see a piece of work.

Ambiguous in a Sentence

The word "ambiguous" is commonly used in the English language. It is a fitting word to use in almost any context, as it is common enough for people to understand in everyLesson conversation and formal enough to be used in a research paper or other professional writing. Using "ambiguous" correctly, however, involves going beyond its surface meaning and being able to use the word in all of its aspects. For this reason, it is important to learn the many ways that the word "ambiguous" can be used in a sentence. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, "ambiguous" refers to something that is unclear, doubtful, or inexact. What is more, the word can be used as an adjective (its most common usage), a noun, a verb, or an adverb. The following sentences will show you how to form a correct sentence for "ambiguous" in each of its forms.

Ambiguous as a Noun

The noun form of "ambiguous" is "ambiguity," which is often used, but not as much as its adjectival counterpart. "Ambiguity" refers to the state of being ambiguous, doubtful, or unclear. This word is actually very easy to use in a sentence. For instance, the following are examples of its many uses: "In the end, what makes Dostoevsky such a great novelist is the ambiguity that he presents to the reader," or, "Stephen always felt that there was far too much ambiguity in his workplace. What frustrated him the most was a lack of clear communication and a uniform direction for getting things done."

Ambiguous as an Adjective

"Ambiguous" is perhaps the most commonly used of the variations of the word. In fact, you can substitute "ambiguous" into the above sentences. For instance, "In the end, what makes Dostoevsky such a great novelist are his ambiguous texts." Additionally you can say, "Stephen always felt that his workplace was too ambiguous when it came to giving workers orders. What frustrated him the most was a lack of clear communication a uniform direction for getting things done." As you can see, various forms of the word are easy to use interchangeably with little change to the general context of the sentence.

Ambiguous as an Adverb

When you use "ambiguous" as an adverb, you are using it to refer to an action that is being done in an "ambiguous" manner. The following sentences are great examples of its correct usage: "Sarah very ambiguously told her husband that she wasn't feeling well, which obviously masked her real feelings." Similarly, "John did not understand the concepts in the class toLesson only because he felt the professor explained them much too ambiguously."

Vocabulary (शब्द संग्रह)

Word	Meaning	अर्थ
Dictionary	A book dealing with words in alphabetical order	शब्कोश, शब्द सागर
Dieting	A small allowance of food to become slim.	कम भोजन करना
Digestible	That which can be digested	पाचन योग्य, सुपाच्य
Dipsomania	A strong desire to take liquor.	मदिरा की लत्त, शराब की तीव्र इच्छा
Disenfranchisement	To take away some one	विशेष विक्रय अधिकार को वापस लेना