Quote of the Lesson (दिन के उद्धरण)

    “Everything has beauty, but not everyone sees it.”

    “प्रत्येक कृति में सुंदरता होती है, लेकिन हर कोई इसे देख नहीं सकता।”

    “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”

    “एक चीज जिससे डरा जाना चाहिए वह डर है।”

    “Every child is an artist; the problem is how to remain an artist once he grows up.”

    “प्रत्येक बच्चा एक कलाकार होता है, समस्या यह है कि युवा होने पर कलाकार कैसे बने रहा जाए।”

    “So many of our dreams seen impossible, then improbable, then inevitable.”

    “हमारे अनेक सपने असंभव दिखाई देते हैं, फिर वह असंभाव्य और अंतत वह अपरिहार्य हो जाते हैं।”

    “Do your little bit of good where you are; it’s those little bits of good put together that overwhelm the world.”

    “आप जहां भी हैं, वहीं पर अपना थोड़ा सा क्यों न हो अच्छा काम करते रहें; यही छोटी छोटी अच्छी बातें मिलकर संसार को जीत सकती हैं।”

Technical word (तकनीकी शब्द)

Unicode
Unicode is an entirely new idea in setting up binary codes for text or script characters. Officially called the Unicode Worldwide Character Standard, it is a system for "the interchange, processing, and display of the written texts of the diverse languages of the modern world." It also supports many classical and historical texts in a number of languages.
Currently, the Unicode standard contains 34,168 distinct coded characters derived from 24 supported language scripts. These characters cover the principal written languages of the world.

Unified Communications
According to the International Engineering Consortium, unified communications is an industry term used to describe all forms of call and multimedia/cross-media message-management functions controlled by an individual user for both business and social purposes. This includes any enterprise informational or transactional application process that emulates a human user and uses a single, content-independent personal messaging channel (mailbox) for contact access.

Unified storage
Unified storage (sometimes termed network unified storage or NUS) is a storage system that makes it possible to run and manage files and applications from a single device. To this end, a unified storage system consolidates file-based and block-based access in a single storage platform and supports fibre channel SAN, IP-based SAN (iSCSI), and NAS (network attached storage).

union symbol
The union symbol ( U ) denotes the union of two set s. It is commonly used in mathematics and engineering. Given two sets A and B, the union of A and B, written AUB, is the set C of all elements that are in A or in B.

Unipolar signaling
Unipolar signaling, also called unipolar transmission ,is a baseband method of sending binary data over wire or cable. There are two logic states, low and high, represented by the digits 0 and 1 respectively.
The illustration shows a unipolar signal as it might appear on the screen of an oscilloscope . Each horizontal division represents one bit (binary digit). The logic 0 state is approximately 0 volts and logic 1 is approximately +5 volts. (There is some room for error.) This is positive logic . Alternatively, logic 0 might be approximately +5 volts, and logic 1 might be approximately 0 volts; this would be negative logic .

Unique User
In Web marketing, a unique user is, for a specified period of time such as a Lesson or month, an individual that has visited a Web site or received specific content, such as ads, e-mail, or newsletters. For a unique user on a Web site, unique user information consists of, at least, the IP address associated with their computer and a further ID such as a browser ID. Since more than one person may use a computer, other information, such as a user ID and password may be required to ensure that each unique user is being counted. Marketers and Web site owners track unique users to determine how many people see their content within a given period of time. The number of unique users that are served specified content is referred to as that content's reach .

Unit testing
Unit testing is a software development process in which the smallest testable parts of an application, called units, are individually and independently scrutinized for proper operation. Unit testing is often automated but it can also be done manually. This testing mode is a component of Extreme Programming (XP), a pragmatic method of software development that takes a meticulous approach to building a product by means of continual testing and revision.
Unit testing involves only those characteristics that are vital to the performance of the unit under test. This encourages developers to modify the source code without immediate concerns about how such changes might affect the functioning of other units or the program as a whole. Once all of the units in a program have been found to be working in the most efficient and error-free manner possible, larger components of the program can be evaluated by means of integration testing.

Universal Disk Format
Universal Disk Format (UDF) is a CD-ROM and DVD file system standard developed as a means of ensuring consistency among data written to various optical media, by facilitating both data interchange and the implementation of the ISO/IEC 13346 standard. UDF is required for DVD-ROMs, and is used by DVD to contain MPEG audio/video streams. Originally developed as a replacement for the file system specifications in the original CD-ROM standard, ISO 9660, UDF is used by CD-R and CD-RW in a process called packet writing that makes CD writing more efficient in terms of the time and disk space required.

Universal Network
The "universal network" is the idea of a single network that integrates the existing voice and public telecommunications network (including the Internet), cable TV, data networks, and video broadcast networks so that they work together well. Currently, each has a different kind of traffic and the older networks bear the burden of an out-of-date infrastructure. For example, the public voice network supports connections of phone-call duration and circuit-switching (although the same network also supports connectionless traffic and packet-switching for data). The video broadcast and cable TV networks deliver mainly the higher-bandwidth continous-flow traffic of streaming video and sound.

Unsourcing
Unsourcing is the transfer of an organization's customer service and support functions from paid employees to unpaid or low-paid online communities.
Unsourcing relies upon individuals' desire to transfer knowledge. In order to encourage non-employees' unpaid participation via unsourcing, some companies are relying on gamification practices, rewarding active user-community members in a non-monetary fashion in exchange for helping their peers. Such rewards can take the form of accumulated points and honorary titles.

Unstructured
Unstructured data is a generic label for describing any corporate information that is not in a database. Unstructured data can be textual or non-textual. Textual unstructured data is generated in media like email messages, PowerPoint presentations, Word documents, collaboration software and instant messages. Non-textual unstructured data is generated in media like JPEG images, MP3 audio files and Flash video files.
If left unmanaged, the sheer volume of unstructured data that’s generated each year within an enterprise can be costly in terms of storage. Unmanaged data can also pose a liability if information cannot be located in the event of a compliance audit or lawsuit. The information contained in unstructured data is not always easy to locate. It requires that data in both electronic and hard copy documents and other media be scanned so a search application can parse out concepts based on words used in specific contexts. This is called semantic search. It is also referred to as enterprise search.

Unzipping
Unzipping is the act of extracting the files from a zipped single file or similar file archive. If the files in the package were also compressed (as they usually are), unzipping also uncompresses them.
When you download programs from shareware or freeware companies on the Web, they almost always send you a zip file (the file name has a suffix of ".zip"). You can usually extract the files from a zipped file just by double-clicking on it since many archives include a "self-extracting" program. Several popular tools exist for zipping and unzipping: PKZIP in the DOS operating system, WinZip in Windows, and MacZip in Macintosh.

upcharge
An upcharge is an additional fee that is added to a bill after a contract has already been negotiated.
Upcharges, which are also known as accessorial charges, are levied to cover the cost of unforeseen circumstances. On a freight bill, for example, the recipient may be upcharged for rising fuel costs, truck driver wait times or additional labor requests, such as asking the driver to move pallets into a warehouse.

Upgrade
In computers, an upgrade is a new version of or addition to a hardware or, more often, software product that is already installed or in use. Upgrades may be sold as specially labeled, less expensive "upgrade" packages (as, for example, Microsoft's Office suite products) to existing users alongside versions of the product that are made for sale to first-time users. In other models of software distribution, an upgrade may also be available for free or for-charge downloading from the product maker's site.

Uploading
Uploading is the transmission of a file from one computer system to another, usually larger computer system. From a network user's point-of-view, to upload a file is to send it to another computer that is set up to receive it. People who share images with others on bulletin board services ( BBS ) upload files to the BBS.
Transmission in the other direction is downloading -- from one, usually larger computer to another, usually smaller computer. From an Internet user's point-of-view, downloading is receiving a file from another computer.

Urban Legend
An urban legend is a tale of contemporary folklore that purports to be true and is often designed to elicit an emotional response from the audience. On the Internet, urban legends are spread and survive over time through repeated e-mail forwardings and Web site postings. Like traditional legends, urban legends can seldom be traced to a single author. An urban legend often revolves around a strong central character or social issue of contemporary interest. Sociologists suggest that the Internet has proven to be a rich environment for urban legends because the Web allows people to share stories with each other faster than any other medium in history. Occasionally urban legends turn out to be true, but the majority are simply Internet misinformation, sometimes entertaining, but more often annoying, as in the case of the rather common virus hoax.

Usability
Usability is the measure of a product's potential to accomplish the goals of the user. In information technology, the term is often used in relation to software applications and Web sites, but it can be used in relation to any product that is employed to accomplish a task (for example, a toaster, a car dashboard, or an alarm clock). Some factors used in determining product usability are ease-of-use, visual consistency, and a clear, defined process for evolution.

Use case
A use case is a methodology used in system analysis to identify, clarify, and organize system requirements. The use case is made up of a set of possible sequences of interactions between systems and users in a particular environment and related to a particular goal. It consists of a group of elements (for example, classes and interfaces) that can be used together in a way that will have an effect larger than the sum of the separate elements combined. The use case should contain all system activities that have significance to the users. A use case can be thought of as a collection of possible scenarios related to a particular goal, indeed, the use case and goal are sometimes considered to be synonymous.

Usenet
Usenet is a collection of user-submitted notes or messages on various subjects that are posted to servers on a worldwide network. Each subject collection of posted notes is known as a newsgroup. There are thousands of newsgroups and it is possible for you to form a new one. Most newsgroups are hosted on Internet-connected servers, but they can also be hosted from servers that are not part of the Internet. Usenet's original protocol was UNIX-to-UNIX Copy (UUCP), but toLesson the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) is used.

User Exit
In computer software, a user exit is a place in a software program where a customer can arrange for their own tailor-made program to be called. In the R/3 system from SAP, a user exit is contrasted with a customer exit and allows a customer's developer to access program components and data objects within the R/3 system. In R/3, some user exits use Include statements to include customer program enhancements that are called from the program. Other user exits use tables that are accessed through customization.

User Profile
In a Windows environment, a user profile is a record of user-specific data that define the user's working environment. The record can include display settings, application settings, and network connections. What the user sees on his or her computer screen, as well as what files, applications and directories they have access to, is determined by how the networkadministrator has set up the user's profile.

Antonyms and Synonyms (विलोम और समानार्थक)

Synonyms (समानार्थक)

New - Recent	नई - हाल
Nice - Pleasant	अच्छा - सुखद
Noon - MidLesson	दोपहर - दोपहर
Notify - Inform	सूचित - सूचित करें
Numerous - Many	कई - कई

ToLesson Proverbs (आज नीतिवचन)

Important Words (महत्वपूर्ण शब्द)

carpet	कालीन
carry	उठा
cash	नकद
cassette	कैसेट
cat	बिल्ली
catch	पकड़
cd	सी.डी
center	मध्य

Talking About BirthLesson (जन्मदिन के बारे में बातचीत)

Question	Response
When is your birthLesson? Aap kaa janm din kab hai? आप का जन्म दिन कब है?	My birthLesson is on 31st Lesson of this month. Mera janm din is mahine ke ek-tees-vey din hai. मेरा जन्म दिन इस महिने के एक तीस्वें दिन है।
Happy birthLesson to you. Janm din mubarak ho. जन्म दिन मुबारक हो।	Thank you. Dhanyavaad. धन्यवाद्।
How old are you now. Aap kitane vars ke ho gaye? आप कितने वर्ष के हो गये?	I am 15 years old now. Mai pandrah vars kaa hoon. मै पन्द्रह वर्ष् का हूँ।
Are you planning a birthLesson party? Kya aap janm din utsav manaa rahe hai? क्या आप जन्म दिन उत्सव् मना रहे हैं?	Yes, I am planning to have a birthLesson party at our home. Haan, mai apne ghar par janm din manaane kaa yojana banaa rahaa hoon. हाँ, मै अपने घर पर जन्म दिन मनाने कि योजना बना रहा हूँ।
Who are you inviting for that party? Us utsav mein kin-ko bulaa rahe ho? उस उत्सव में किन को बुला रहे हो?	I am inviting all my friends. mai apne sabhi doston ko nimantran de rahaa hoo. मैं अपने सभी दोस्तों को निमन्त्रण दे रहा हूँ।
God bless you. Wish you a very happy bithLesson on 31st. Ishwar aap par kripa kare. Ek-tees ko aapke bahut khushi-purn janm din ki shubh kamanaaye. ईश्वर आप पर कृपा करे। एकतीस् को आप के बहुत खुशी-पूर्ण जन्म दिन की शुभ् कामनायें।	Thank you. Dhanyavaad. धन्यवाद्।

Talking About Hobbies (शौक के बारे में बातचीत)

Question	Response
What are your Hobbies? Aap kay hobbies kya hai? आप के हाबीज क्या हैं?	Swimming, gardening, and dancing. Tairaaki, baagvaani aur nritya. तैराकी, बागवानी और नृत्य।
Where do you go for swimming. Aap tairaaki ke liye kahaan jaate ho. आप तैराकी के लिये कहाँ जाते हो?	I practice swimming in my school's swimming pool. Mai tairaaki kaa abhyaas apne school ke taran-taal mein karataa hoon. मैं तैराकी का अभ्यास अपने स्कूल् के तरण ताल में करता हूँ।
And where do you do gardening. Aur aap baag-vaani kahaan karate ho? और आप बागवानी कहाँ करते हो?	I do gardening in the backyard of our home. Mai apne ghar ke peeche ki jagah mein baag-vaani karataa hoon. मै अपने घर के पीछे की जगह में बागवानी करता हूँ।
What about dancing? Nritya ke liye kya karate ho? नृत्य के लिये क्या करते हो?	I have joined a dancing school where I go twice a week. Mai nay ek nritya-school mein daakhilaa liya hai, jahaan mai saptaah mein do baar jaataa hoon. मैने एक नृत्य स्कूल में दाखीला लिया है, जहाँ मै सप्ताह में दो बार जाता हूँ।
Do you practice under the guidance of a coach/tutor? Kya aap kissi guru ke nigraani mein abhyaas karate ho? क्या आप किसी गुरु की निगरानी में अभ्यास करते हो?	Yes, there is a coach in our dance class. Haan, mere nritya kaksha mein ek guru hain. हाँ, मेरे नृत्य कक्षा में एक गुरु हैं।
Do you participate in competetions. Kya aap pratiyogitaa mein bhaag lete ho? क्या आप प्रतियोगिता में भाग लेते हो?	Not till now. Abhi tak nahi. अभी तक नही।

SMS and online chat Abbreviations (एसएमएस और ऑनलाइन चैट संक्षिप्त)

Abbreviation	Description
IAYL	In A While
IBRB	I Will Be Right Back
IC	I See
ICBW	I Could Be Wrong
IDC	I Don't Care
IDK	I Don't Know

Smileys Meaning (स्माइलीज अर्थ)

Emotions	Meaning
%-\	Tired
:-?	Tongue Sticking Out
:-&	Tongue Tied
:-a	Tongue Touching Nose
x:-/	Uncertain

Common Mistakes To Be Avoided (आम गलतियों को टाला जा सकता)

Stationery Stationary

These two words are among the most frequently confused in the English language, although their meanings are vastly different.

‘Stationery’ is a noun that refers to writing material and office supplies such as pens, paper, clips, etc.

‘Stationary’ is generally an adjective that is used to describe something that is not moving. For example, a man who is standing in one place can be described as stationary.

The difference in the spellings of the two words can be used to remember their meanings: the second ‘a’ in ‘stationary’ can be thought to stand for ‘adjective’. It is replaced by an ‘e’ in ‘stationery’.

English Improving ,Tips of the Lesson (अंग्रेजी में सुधार, दिन की टिप्स)

Ambiguous as a Verb

The verb form of "ambiguous" is actually less widely used. "Ambiguate" is rarely used, but it means to make something unclear or muddled. "Disambiguate" is just the opposite. The following sentences are good examples of the verb's proper usage: "Feeling frustrated at his low test score, John went up to his professor after class and let him know that he is in the habit of ambiguating crucial concepts." Similarly, you may look to the following sentence: "When her husband asked her what was wrong, Sarah simply ambiguated her feelings, saying only that she did not feel well."

The Etymology of Ambiguous

Surprisingly, "ambiguous" stems from the Latin word, "ambiguite" which means something doubtful. More specifically, the Latin definition also has a verb, "ambigere" which means to go around or waver. The root of the word, "ambi" means "both ways." Thus, something "ambiguous" is unclear precisely because it can be either positive or negative. Be careful not to confuse "ambiguous" with the word, "ambivalent," which means to have mixed or contradictory feelings or ideas. 

The above examples are excellent guides for using the word "ambiguous." Because the word has a variety of derivatives, it can be used as a noun, an adjective, an adverb, or a verb. "Ambiguous" has a very simple definition and can be substituted with synonyms such as "inexact" or "doubtful." However, beware of confusing "ambiguous" with "ambivalent," which is a word with a slightly different meaning. One good way to remember the definition of "ambiguous" and to help you use it in a sentence is to keep the root, "ambi" in mind. "Ambi" refers to something that can go either way and can shift. Thus, something "ambiguous" is not just unclear, but it can be either positive or negative.

Avoid Making Mistakes

Once people have graduated from high school, they are usually decent at spelling. However, there are some common words which many people seem to frequently misspell. These are often words which sound the same as other words when spoken, but are spelled differently and have different meanings. Below, read about some commonly misspelled words and some tips and tricks you are able to use to avoid spelling them incorrectly.

"Your" and "You're"

"Your" refers to something someone possesses, such as in the sentences "I have your ball" or "Go pick up your book," while "You're" is the contractive form of "You are," within which the apostrophe takes the place of the space and the "a." This is seen within the sentences "You're looking very nice toLesson," or "You're very fast at running." Either of these sentences will still make sense if you use "You are" instead of "You're." Even though the difference between "Your" and "You're" seems rather easy to understand, people still confuse them, likely due to a lack of forethought before using them. If you are confused as to which one to use in a particular sentence, try the sentence with "you are." If the sentence still makes sense, use "you're," but if it doesn't, go with "your."

"There," "Their," and "They're"

"There" refers to a specific or non-specific place; for example, "New York is a huge city. I will go there in the fall," or "Look at the man over there." "Their," like "your," suggests possession; for example, "I have their ball," or "They must go pick up their book." "They're" is a contraction, representing "They are," with the apostrophe taking the spot of the space and the "a." If you're confused as to which of the three words to use in a particular sentence, try out the sentence with "they are." If the sentence makes sense with "they are," such as "They are very fast at running," it will also make sense with they're, as in "They're very fast at running." If the sentence does not make sense with "they are," you must choose either "their" or "there" instead. If the sentence makes sense with the word "our," it will also make sense with "their." For example, "I have our ball," and "I have their ball." If it does not make sense with "our," then "their" is not the correct word choice. Notice that the third option, "there," contains the word "here." This makes sense, as "there" refers to a place, so remember that when you are substituting the name of a place with one of the three words, choose "there."

Vocabulary (शब्द संग्रह)

Word	Meaning	अर्थ
Divisible	That Which can be divided.	विभाज्य
Dotage	Extreme old age when one behaves like a child	सठियापा, वृद्धावस्था की मतिक्षीणता
Draw	A game in which neither party wins	लाटरी नंबर निकलना, खींचना, खेल मैं न जीत न हर, बराबरी
Drawn/ Tie	A game or batter in which neither party wins	खेल मैं बराबरी - न जीत न हार
Drought	Continuous dry weather and lack of rain and water.	सूखा, अनावृष्टि